He sets the discussion of civilizations in other terms, cultural and religious contexts.
Civilizations lie over, and are distinct from, racial features as such, but they are deeply related to them nevertheless.
Race simmers in the background, referred to by Huntington roughly as ethnicity, but it is still there, just beneath the surface of the discourse.
It is a very difficult concept, because racial characteristics can vary so much even within a single civilization. Yet most people from different civilizations can tell the civilizational as well as racial background of others, often merely by physical appearance, and by physical appearance I do not mean merely skin color, but things like physiognomy, stature, hair and eye color, facial expression, etc.
Civilizational associations, apart from racial ones, include very many other things, language, religion, diet, personality, social surroundings, national origin, etc.
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