I don't agree with Jordan's point of view, but there is a lot of material here in one place.
The negro slave and his descendants was and is owed nothing for his slavery.
The emancipation of negroes was an undeserved, fortuitous windfall for freed slaves, and a calamity for whites, especially those who fought for the North.
Northern whites were perfectly willing to transport Indians to remote uninhabited reservations, without paying their asses a dime.
They ended up with a queer American foreign nation status, a status not found in nature.
Only racial Indians need apply. Indian nations. Institutionalized racism.
Re white indentured servant and negro slavery issues, see Colonists in Bondage; see especially p 20 re redemptioners or redemptionists, and 223 224 for conditions under which redemptioners' children, ages 5 and up were routinely sold to masters for 10 or 15 years, to places far from their parents if living.
More than half and maybe as many as two thirds, an enormous number, of all white people who came here were either indentureds, redemptioners, or convicts. p 336
A minority of white people who came here until about 1800 were free.
A high proportion of those who came in the 17th
Century died in bondage, often at forced hard labor, and never obtained freedom or grants of land, or their freedom if convicts. J H Elliott, Empires Of The Atlantic World
If you say, He must be wrong about these things, don't take my word for it.
Smith had a long and distinguished career as a research scholar for the CIA.
https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/DOC_0000619199.pdf
Elliott was a Regius Professor, not an easy chair to obtain. He beat out Conrad Russell, who was better qualified on a number of grounds in my judgment, although I disagree with him on issues, such as abolishing the Lords! Incidentally, I am hardly a fan of Bertrand Russell, his relative, in many ways.
Wikipedia: Redemptioner
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