Southern farmowners complained that because they were waiting for land, the newly free blacks would not readily sign long-term labor contracts.[163][170][171] South Carolina Governor James Lawrence Orr asked Johnson in 1866 to continue pushing his land policy, writing that "complete restoration will restore complete harmony".[172]
Black hopes for land came to be seen as a major barrier to economic productivity, and forces from both South and North worked hard to dispel them.[173][174] Southern governments passed "Black Codes" to prevent blacks from owning or leasing land, and to restrict their freedom of movement.[175][176] Agents of the Freedmen's Bureau now told blacks that redistribution was impossible and that they would need to perform wage labor to survive. If they could not persuade people to sign contracts, they would insist forcefully.[177] Thomas Conway, the Bureau Commissioner in Louisiana, ordered: "Hire them out! Cut wood! Do anything to avoid a state of idleness."[178] Even Rufus Saxton, who campaigned actively for black property in the Sea Islands, issued a Circular instructing his agents to dispel the rumor of redistribution at New Year's 1866.[92] (The unfunded Bureau drew its own finances from profits generated by freedpeople under contract.)[179] Although some Whites continued to press for colonization, most now believed that black labor could be recuperated through the wage system.[175]
According to many historians, economic negotiations between blacks and whites in the South thus unfolded within the parameters dictated by the Johnson administration.[180] Southern plantation owners pushed blacks toward servitude, while the Republican Congress pushed for free wage labor and civil rights.[181] Eventually, under this framework, sharecropping emerged as the dominant mode of production.[182] Some historians, such as Robert McKenzie, have challenged the prevalence of this "standard scenario" and argued that land ownership fluctuated significantly during the 1870s.[183] Black land ownership did increase across the South.[165]"
Wikipedia
TAKE A CLOSE LOOK AT THE FOOTNOTES.....
Lincoln was fighting for a transportation solution until he was killed it seems.
Lincoln was fighting for a transportation solution until he was killed it seems.
Thursday, June 20, 2019
NEGRO WHIG INTERPRETATION REPARATIONS HANGING OVER AMERICA SINCE 1865
Nothing whatsoever could be further from the truth.
Transportation for negroes, and compensation for their property deprived owners, a fundamental right in America from the beginning, were what they thought about in the 1850s until after 1865, not reparations for negroes.
See also Wikipedia: Reparations for slavery
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